Keratoconus

What is Keratoconus

Keratoconus is a progressive ocular disorder characterized by the thinning and distortion of the cornea, leading to a conical protrusion that deviates from the normal rounded, dome-like structure. Recent studies indicate that the prevalence of keratoconus is significantly higher than previously understood, although many instances remain relatively mild. This condition typically manifests during adolescence or early adulthood and tends to deteriorate gradually over time. The rate of progression and the severity of its various stages can differ markedly among individuals experiencing this disorder.

What are the symptoms of Keratoconus?

Keratoconus presents a range of symptoms, including: – Progressive deterioration of vision, necessitating regular updates to optical prescriptions – Visual distortion or haziness – Increased sensitivity to light and glare from bright sources As keratoconus progresses, the associated signs may evolve. The alteration in corneal shape and its thinning disrupts the eye’s focusing capability. In more severe instances, some individuals may experience corneal scarring. These changes to the cornea can significantly impact visual acuity.

How does Keratoconus affect vision?

The initial phases of keratoconus can be identified by your local optometrist. In these early stages, vision typically remains stable and unaffected. It is crucial to understand that keratoconus does not lead to total blindness. However, if the condition progresses without intervention, it can result in alterations to the corneal shape, thinning of the cornea, and in more advanced cases, scarring. These changes can compromise the cornea’s clarity, hindering the eye’s ability to focus effectively. Nonetheless, even in cases of advanced keratoconus, vision correction is often achievable through the use of contact lenses.

What causes Keratoconus?

The precise origin of keratoconus is still not fully understood, though it is thought to result from a combination of genetic predispositions and environmental influences. Research suggests that approximately 10% of individuals diagnosed with keratoconus have a first-degree relative who is also affected by this condition. Nevertheless, keratoconus is generally not classified as a hereditary disorder. Several factors may contribute to an increased risk of developing keratoconus. This condition appears more frequently among individuals with certain allergic conditions, such as asthma and eczema, and is also observed to be more prevalent in non-Caucasian populations.